I. Preparation before maintenance

1. Cleaning. Thoroughly remove oil stains, soil, and crop residues from the surface of the machinery. This can not only detect hidden cracks or deformations, but also prevent debris from entering the system during disassembly.

2. Tool preparation. Prepare complete specialized tools (such as sockets, torque wrenches, etc.) to avoid rough operation with adjustable wrenches or force rods, which may damage nuts or components.

3. Safety measures. The tractor should be parked on a flat surface, turned off, and kept stable. Hanging equipment must be lowered or reliably supported, and maintenance under the equipment without support is strictly prohibited.

II. Tractor maintenance

After the tractor is idle in winter, a comprehensive inspection and maintenance should be carried out before spring plowing production to ensure that the tractor has good technical condition and can be safely and efficiently put into spring plowing production.

（1） Engine maintenance

1. Check the lubrication system. If the lubricating oil has already been released before the winter shutdown, it is necessary to refill it with lubricating oil that is suitable for the season. After refilling, let it stand for ten minutes, check that the oil level gauge is level with the "up" line of the oil level gauge, and then let it stand for 20-30 minutes to check for any changes in the oil level. If there are any changes, the cause should be investigated. At the same time, replace or clean the air filter, diesel filter, and oil filter to maintain cleanliness and smoothness. For engines with turbochargers, it is necessary to remove the hollow bolt at the oil inlet of the turbocharger suspension bearing, add a few drops of lubricating oil for lubrication, and then reinstall it to prevent sudden dry wear during start-up.

2. Check the cooling system. Focus on checking whether the engine is frostbitten, carefully inspect the body for water blockage, drain switch, oil radiator, and other areas for signs of frost cracking. Gansu has a large temperature difference between day and night, so it is important to avoid adding cold water immediately when the engine is hot to prevent the cylinder block from exploding. Add soft water until the water tank is level and let it stand for one hour to observe if the water level drops.

3. Check the circuit system. Check if the circuits of the startup, lighting, and instruments are normal, and there should be no leakage, short circuit, or other phenomena in the insulation parts of all electrical accessories. When the battery is low, it needs to be charged with one tenth of the rated current. When charging lead-acid batteries, the filling plug should be opened to prevent explosions caused by high air pressure due to clogged air vents.

4. Check the startup system. Before starting, the main and auxiliary transmission handles should be placed in neutral position, and the hydraulic power unit should be in the middle position. You can first open the small window on the flywheel housing, use a small pry bar to move the flywheel ring gear and rotate the crankshaft several times to evenly distribute the lubricating oil, and then start the engine. After starting, run at low speed first, then gradually increase the power speed, while observing the instrument and listening carefully for the sound. If there is any abnormality, stop the machine immediately and check and eliminate the fault.

（2） Maintenance of chassis part

1. Check the lubricating oil. Check the lubricating oil levels of the gearbox, front axle, and end drive one by one; Check if the amount of lubricating grease (mechanical) or hydraulic oil tank (hydraulic) in the steering gear is sufficient.

2. Check the steering mechanism. Check the fastening of components such as the horizontal and vertical tie rod ball joints and the steering arm to ensure reliable locking of the split pin. The clearance between the steering wheel of mechanical steering tractors should be controlled at 15-30 millimeters; The free steering angle of the hydraulic steering tractor steering wheel should not exceed 30 degrees. When there are damage or cracks in the steering mechanism components, welding repairs should not be carried out and new parts should be replaced directly.

3. Check the braking system. Check the brake fluid level, add the same type of brake fluid if insufficient, and do not mix them. Check the free travel of the brake pedal, maintain it at 10-15 millimeters, and synchronize the height of the left and right pedals to prevent deviation during braking. The pedal shaft should be regularly lubricated with butter, and an appropriate amount of lubricating oil should be dripped onto each joint. Check and adjust the gap between the brake shoes and brake drums to maintain good technical condition.

（3） Adjustment of linkage with agricultural machinery

1. The specifications of the transmission shaft and the tractor PTO spline must be matched, and the fitting length of the transmission shaft should not be less than 200 millimeters to prevent detachment or jamming.

2. Adjust the tractor's upper pull rod and left and right suspension rods to ensure that the agricultural machinery frame is horizontal in both longitudinal and transverse directions, ensuring consistent plowing depth.

3. Adjust the lower suspension arm limit screw to align the horizontal centerline of the agricultural machinery with the longitudinal centerline of the tractor. The pin shaft connecting the suspension rod and the left and right suspension rods should be placed in the long hole position, so that the agricultural machinery can achieve an overall imitation effect when working.

During operation, the hydraulic system distributor should be placed in a floating position to allow the agricultural machinery to follow the terrain undulations. Check whether the hydraulic oil pump and pipeline are leaking oil. If the hydraulic oil is too dirty or has impurities, it should be replaced in a timely manner.

III. Agricultural machinery maintenance

Agricultural machinery is in long-term contact with the soil, with a high workload and severe wear and tear. To avoid delaying the farming season, extend its service life, and ensure the good condition of agricultural machinery, a comprehensive inspection and maintenance should be carried out before spring use. The overall maintenance of agricultural machinery should achieve the "three flexibilities", "five non conformances", and "one integrity". The "three flexibilities" refer to flexible operation, flexible rotation, and flexible lifting and lowering; The "Five Nos" refer to: no frame, no dullness, no deformation, no rust, and no missing parts; 'One intact' means that the technical condition is intact.

（1） Flip plow

Check the plowshare, plow wall and other components. If the thickness of the plowshare blade is greater than 3 millimeters, or if the shovel tip is severely worn, causing difficulty in entering the soil and shallowing the plowing depth, it must be polished, repaired or replaced. Tighten the bolts, add lubricating grease, check the tire pressure and hydraulic pipeline, and test that the flipping function is normal. When doing homework, adjust the soil entry angle to 3-10. The more plows there are, the smaller the soil entry angle should be. The plowing depth should be controlled at 20-40cm, and it should be ensured that the plow frame is parallel to the ground and the plow column is perpendicular to the ground as much as possible. Observe the homework situation at any time and promptly clean up any blockages or serious grass entanglement found on the machine. It is advisable to avoid long-distance transportation in a suspended state, and ensure reliable support or hydraulic locking during maintenance and upkeep.

（2） Rotary tiller

Check whether the oil seals at both ends of the blade shaft are leaking oil, and whether the blades are worn or broken. When replacing rotating parts such as blades, the tractor must be turned off to prevent accidental injury. Check whether the rotary tiller is installed backwards and whether the fixing bolts and universal joint locking pins are secure. Only after confirming that they are safe can they be used. Check the oil level of the gearbox gears and the meshing clearance of the bevel gears. Excessive or insufficient clearance can cause malfunctions. Check the clearance between the transmission shaft spline and the cutter shaft sleeve. If there is severe wear, it needs to be replaced as a complete set. When attaching, pay attention to the angle between the tractor power output shaft and the rotary tiller input shaft, preferably less than 10. The rotary tiller should be kept horizontal on both sides, with the input shaft and tractor power output shaft on the same centerline. It is strictly prohibited to start directly when the rotary tiller is in the soil, and it is strictly prohibited to reverse or turn after the rotary tiller is in the soil.

（3） Sowing machine

Clean up the debris and dust inside the seeder, check if the seeding adjustment mechanism is flexible, inspect the wear of the seeder wheel, fertilizer wheel, and trencher tip, and promptly replenish and replace lost or damaged parts. For precision seeders, it is necessary to check the sealing of the air suction seeder and replace worn seed discs. Adjust the row spacing of the seeder according to local agricultural requirements. When adjusting, use the centerline of the seeder beam frame as the reference line, and move the seeding unit and fertilizer trenching components symmetrically to the left and right axis. It is necessary to adjust the sowing depth according to the homework conditions. If the sowing depth is too deep, it is difficult for seedlings to emerge, and if it is too shallow, it is prone to drought. The sowing depth should be consistent. Check whether the ground wheel rotates flexibly, whether the chain tension is appropriate, and whether the transmission gear mesh is normal. When sowing, it is necessary to maintain a uniform speed and move in a straight line, without stopping or slowing down halfway, in order to avoid missed sowing and replay. When there is too much clay or tangled grass on the working and transmission components, they must be stopped and cleaned. It is strictly prohibited to clean them by hand during operation.

（4） Assisted driving system

Focus on checking whether the satellite antenna on the roof is physically damaged, whether the wiring connections are secure, whether there is aging, damage or looseness. Clean the dust and foreign objects around the antenna to avoid signal obstruction. Perform a tightness check on the angle sensor and inspect the wiring harness plug for oxidation or poor contact. For the electric steering wheel system, check whether the motor mounting bolts are tightened and whether the transmission belt or gear is worn; For hydraulic systems, check the sealing of hydraulic pipelines to prevent leaks. Check if the power supply line is correctly powered from the main power source and if the fuse is intact. Check if the startup display of the terminal is normal. If it is abnormal, contact the manufacturer promptly to replace the parts. After starting the vehicle, observe whether the RTK status can enter the "fixed" solution state within 2-3 minutes, and whether it does not degrade frequently during driving to ensure stable signal reception.

（5） Plant protection machinery

Thoroughly clean the medicine box, medicine pump, filter screen, and nozzle. Clean the body, remove foreign objects, and entanglements. For self-propelled spray bar spray, add enough fuel and coolant, supplement or replace engine oil, add lubricant to the pump, clean the suction filter element of the pump, check whether the nuts of each part are abnormal, loose, whether the tires are worn, whether the spray bar rises and falls normally, whether the system pressure and spray spraying effect of each nozzle meet the operation requirements, and do not enter the bottom of the machine for inspection, maintenance, repair and other operations without flameout. No people are allowed to stand within the swing range of the spray bar and below the spray bar. For crop protection drones, focus on checking whether the propeller, motor, radar, battery buckle, etc. are intact. Use the control app to check whether the communication, positioning, power, spraying and other systems are normal. Run the centrifugal nozzle to check whether the installation is firm, whether the rotation is smooth, and whether the spray disc is complete. If any problems are found, repair them in a timely manner. Operators are required to wear protective equipment during work to prevent pesticide poisoning.

2026 June 1st Week FK Product Recommendation

Agricultural Bearings:

Farm machinery equipment and agricultural bearings are often subjected to harsh weather conditions and season operations. These are just some of the factors that place them under more difficult conditions than many other applications.

Special Agricultural Bearings for planters, mowers and agricultural equipment. Bearings below include hex bore bearings. As one of the leading agricultural bearings manufacturers and suppliers in China for more than 50 years, we warmly welcome you to buy top quality agricultural bearings from FK Group.

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